Building Google's 'Insane' Infrastructure

The problem at Google, when I joined, was that it was no longer possible to get enough colocation space to handle the growth of the company. The size of the computing infrastructure that Google uses is insanely large. A surprisingly small percentage of it is responsible for delivering end user services. Generally, you want to put that close to the end users. So, the idea of having smaller data centers around the world to provide local access is one part of the strategy.

What we did at Google is essentially throw out the book on how to build data centers, and went back to basic heat transfer theory, went back to basic electrical theory, and essentially threw away everything that wasn't strictly necessary in sort of a minimalist design. Essentially the integrated circuit industry concept is step and repeat.

So, instead of building chips on a silicon surface, what we figured out how to do was to buy 1,000 acres in Oklahoma, and then build the data center. And when we need more space, actually be able to step and repeat that data center, build another one right next to it. And so that is the environment they have now. So, they have large amounts of land in various places around the world. And as the business needs more space, they have a mechanism where they can simply start from scratch and have a new data center up and running in less than six months.